The Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery at WashU Medicine has a rich, 130-year history of leadership in the field that is built on the foundations of academic medicine: patient care, research, training, and service. Our past leaders include luminaries in the field of otolaryngology, such as John Blasdel Shapleigh, MD; Greenfield Sluder, MD; Lee Wallace Dean, MD; Theodore Walsh, MD; Joseph Ogura, MD; John Fredrickson, MD; Richard A. Chole, MD, PhD; Craig A. Buchman, MD; and, presently, Sidharth Puram, MD, PhD. Even from our earliest days — prior to the inception of the McMillan Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital (circa 1943) — excellence has been an integral part of the department's fabric. A look at former faculty and program graduates reveals many of the true innovators in our field. While we remain humbled by our beginnings and past achievements, we choose not to rest on our laurels. Rather, we aspire to further our commitment to improving patients' lives by leading our field and its clinical application.

Today, more than ever, we are driven to provide highest-quality, cutting-edge patient care that is both safe and effective. Our WashU physicians and team, together with our Honor Roll Award–winning hospital, Barnes-Jewish Hospital (U.S. News, 2024-25), are second to none when it comes to tackling the full spectrum of conditions involving the ear, nose, throat, head, and neck. Our basic, translational, and clinical research programs are remarkable, providing answers to a variety of relevant questions that build on our foundations of knowledge, lay the groundwork for future clinical trials, and provide state-of-the-art patient solutions. Our educational programs for medical and graduate students, physicians in training, and established practitioners are committed to creating a culture of lifelong learning that firmly establishes our next generation of leaders in the field. Our residency program is highly rated by all metrics, providing balanced training across the clinical subspecialties and unique opportunities for growth and development as clinician-scientists (R25 training grant) and educators. We are most proud that these activities are ongoing in a work culture that values collegiality, inclusiveness, diversity, and mutual respect. The Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery at WashU Medicine is a truly outstanding place!

The CID at WashU Medicine (Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery) is a consortium of graduate education, research, and clinical programs born out of the pioneering efforts of St. Louis physician Max Goldstein, MD. In 1914, he founded the Central Institute for the Deaf (CID), where doctors and teachers worked together to help deaf people. When the CID's school building opened two years later, its auditory/oral methods for instructing deaf children were groundbreaking.

WashU and the CID first joined forces in 1931, when the CID's established teacher training program became the first deaf education undergraduate program to affiliate with a university. Graduate programs in deaf education, audiology, and speech and hearing sciences soon followed.

Beginning in the 1930s, the CID's research efforts involved the study of the anatomy and science of hearing. During World War II, the CID's research on hearing loss in military personnel laid the foundation for the field of audiology. The CID also pioneered hearing testing and hearing aids, and it opened the country's first hearing aid clinic in 1941. In September 2003, a new affiliation transferred the CID's graduate degree programs, research programs, and adult audiology clinic — along with its building — to WashU Medicine. The CID school continues to operate on the WashU Medicine campus as CID: Central Institute for the Deaf.

Today, these programs continue to work together to fulfill a shared mission to serve people with hearing loss.

Contact Info

Website:http://oto.wustl.edu

Otolaryngology Research Electives

During the fourth year, opportunities exist for many varieties of advanced clinical or research experiences.

The type of research will depend upon the current phase of the research program in each laboratory. Students should contact the director of each laboratory to negotiate.


Tatyana Yakusheva, PhD
Neuroscience Research Building
4370 Duncan Avenue
Phone: 314-362-1013

This lab studies the role of the vestibulocerebellum and its target nuclei for eye movement control and spatial orientation. We use a range of methodologies, including single and multiunit recordings, electrical brain stimulation, computational methods, pharmacology, and behavioral studies. Our main lines of research are as follows: 1) signal transformations carried out by the vestibulocerebellum during visual and vestibular stimulation; 2) neuronal computations performed by the anterior and posterior cerebellar vermis for spatial navigation in mice; 3) the role of the cerebellum-brainstem loop in motor learning in the vestibulo-ocular reflex; 4) the role of the vestibulocerebellum in neurogenerative diseases; and 5) the role of cerebellar cortex interneurons in cerebellar cortex function.

Students will be instructed in one or several techniques and are expected to contribute significantly to the development of specific lab projects.


Judith E.C. Lieu, MD, MSPH
8600 MCC, 8th Floor
Phone: 314-747-8205

The focus of the Lieu Lab is clinical outcomes research in pediatric otolaryngology. The techniques and methodologies of clinical epidemiology and health services research are applied to investigate clinical problems in children. Projects currently underway include the evaluation of the quality of life of children with hearing loss with the use of hearing amplification, the evaluation of a tablet audiometer to diagnose and monitor hearing loss in children, and the evaluation of which children with hearing loss are at risk for speech-language and literacy delays. Other projects of the student's choosing that would utilize these research techniques may also be pursued.


Kevin K. Ohlemiller, PhD
2205 Central Institute for the Deaf
Phone: 314-747-7179

The focus of this lab is on gene–environment interactions in cochlear injury. We study the interaction of genes and environment that increase cochlear injury due to noise and ototoxic exposure, with an emphasis on how these may yield apparent presbycusis. Because cochlear function and injury is the same in mice and humans and governed by the same genes, we use mostly mouse models. Methods employed include standard auditory brainstem response assessment and intracochlear recording, quantitative light microscopy, immunocytochemistry, and Western blots. We and our collaborators have identified specific genes and inbred strains of mice that mimic the three major forms of human presbycusis: sensory, neural, and strial. Sensory presbycusis appears to be promoted by alleles and mutations that impair protective factors (e.g., antioxidant enzymes) or that impair ion homeostasis. These may enhance cochlear injury from noise and ototoxins. Neural presbycusis can be modeled in part by mutations that impair inner hair cell/afferent synaptic function. Although it is not yet clear what types of genes and mutations can lead to strial presbycusis, we have discovered multiple mouse strains that show age-related endocochlear potential reduction along with distinctive strial pathology that includes fewer marginal cells as well as fewer and larger strial capillaries.

We have also published quantitative trait loci that impact the qualitative character of cochlear noise injury. Important implications of our findings are as follows: 1) that there exists no single "mammalian" archetype of cochlear noise injury; and 2) that noise injury to the organ of Corti in young adult animals depends in part on the status of the cochlear lateral wall. The latter relation appears to be genetically linked and to not apply to older adults.

We collaborate widely, both within WashU Medicine and nationally. Our research is eminently adaptable in difficulty and scale to students' schedules and other requirements. Students may expect to learn the full range of methods we employ, including physiology, immunocytochemistry, histopathology, and cellular/molecular techniques.


Jay F. Piccirillo, MD
8430 MCC, 8th Floor
Phone: 314-362-8641

The Clinical Outcomes Research Office focuses on clinical epidemiology and health services research, encompassing diagnosis, prognosis, harm, and treatment effectiveness as well as health care delivery. Our methodology is rooted in clinical research architecture, biostatistics, and data processing, allowing us to study various diseases and conditions.

Current projects include the following:

  • Exploring patient factors associated with the perceived benefit of amplification for hearing loss
  • Assessing treatment effectiveness for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea
  • Exploring new treatments for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia–associated epistaxis
  • Evaluating outcomes for patients with head and neck cancer

Students will learn about clinical research methodology, statistics, results reporting, and critical appraisal.


OTO 8030 Otolaryngology for Visiting Students (Clinical Elective)

This is four-week rotation for visiting students seeking a sub-internship experience with the WashU Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. Students participate as active team members within our clinical services, working closely with faculty and residents, and providing care in the clinic, hospital, and operating room settings. They also will have the opportunity to participate in educational activities and conferences. A typical rotation assignment would include 2 weeks on the Head and Neck service at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and two additional 1-week experiences on other sub-specialty services (based on student’s choice and availability). Although optional, participation at some of our clinical sites will require off-campus travel.

Credit 4 units.

Typical periods offered: Medicine Year


OTO 8040 Otolaryngology (Clinical Elective)

This rotation introduces the student to clinical Otolaryngology (ENT), including the diagnosis and treatment of conditions in the ear, nose, throat, head, and neck. This may include experiences in the clinic, hospital, and operating room, and may include time with audiology, speech-language pathology, and the vestibular laboratory. Students will also attend academic activities/conferences. The emphasis of the ENT Elective is to provide experience in common problems one would see in primary care or family practice. For example, this may be valuable for students going into primary care who would like ambulatory ENT experience, or going into pediatrics who would like pediatric ENT experience. Students should communicate with the course directors regarding their specific goals prior to start of rotation, so that their experience can be tailored accordingly. Students interested in ENT as a career are encouraged to take ENT as a rotation while on their Phase 2 Surgery Clerkship and then take the ENT ACR towards the beginning of Phase 3. Those who did not take ENT during Phase 2 should touch base with the course directors to make an appropriate plan.

Credit 2 units.

Typical periods offered: Medicine Year


OTO 9100 Otolaryngology Advanced Clinical Rotation (ACR)

The Otolaryngology Advanced Clinical Rotation (ENT-ACR) is a four-week rotation designed to provide a comprehensive sub-internship otolaryngology experience during the Phase III Gateway WUSM Curriculum. A typical schedule would include 2 weeks on the Head and Neck Service at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and 2 weeks on the Pediatric Otolaryngology Service at St. Louis Children's Hospital, although different service assignments may be considered at times based on availability. During the ACR, students will get direct practice with patient care, common bedside procedures (e.g., dressing changes, flexible Naso laryngoscopy; control of epistaxis; laceration repair), assisting in the operating room, and continuity of care via the clinic and inpatient rounding. They are expected to be active team members – helping with morning rounds, taking responsibility for assigned patients, communicating plans with nursing staff, and assisting with progress notes and orders.  Throughout the day students are expected to maintain communication with staff regarding patient care and provide updates to otolaryngology residents and attendings. ACR students take two 12-hour weekend calls during the rotation, taken alongside the on-call ENT resident. Additional weekend assistance with rounds and cases will mirror internship expectations. Students interested in ENT as a career are encouraged to take the ENT ACR towards the beginning of Phase 3. Those who did not have a prior ENT rotation while on their Phase 2 Surgery Clerkship should touch base with the course directors for guidance.

Credit 4 units.

Typical periods offered: Medicine Year